Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006) - Mayotte (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006) z Mayotte (2008)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006)	Mayotte (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 45.8% (male 48,016/female 47,533) 15-64 years: 52.5% (male 59,111/female 50,437) 65 years and over: 1.8% (male 1,864/female 1,822) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports	5 (2006)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2006)	-
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	40.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million; including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $420 million expenditures: $394 million (2005)
Capital	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 41 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April	name: Mamoudzou geographic coordinates: 12 46 S, 45 13 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline	1,288 km	185.2 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	departmental collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient	$0 (1997 est.)	$201.3 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (2005)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption	20.68 million kWh (2003)	139.2 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - production	22.23 million kWh (2003)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	NA
Ethnic groups	British	NA
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since 8 April 2004) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term; next election to be held in 2010
Exports	NA bbl/day	$6.5 million f.o.b. (2005)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2005)	France 43%, Comoros 36%, Reunion 15% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	unofficial, local flag with the coat of arms of Mayotte centered on a white field, above which the name of the island appears in red capital letters; the main elements of the coat of arms, flanked on either side by a seahorse, appear above a scroll with the motto RA HACHIRI (We are Vigilant); the only official flag is the national flag of France
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	$341 million f.o.b.; note - excludes petroleum imports (2005)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2005)	France 49%, Seychelles 8.8%, China 4.1%, South Africa 2.8% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 59.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 65.33 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	1.7% (2005)
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	InOC, UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	1,724 (est.)	44,560 (2002)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5%	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% other: NA%
Languages	English	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system	English common law	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - two ex officio, eight elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%, other 27.1%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1 note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held in September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.1%, UDF 44.9%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 62.16 years male: 59.94 years female: 64.45 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references	South America	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France; a small contingent of French forces is stationed on the island
Military branches	no regular military forces	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	NEGL
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	3.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	2,967 (July 2006 est.)	208,783 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2006 est.)	3.617% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 (FM) and Radio 2 (AM) service (2006)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) 3%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.172 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.023 male(s)/female total population: 1.092 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	10,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	48,100 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2006)	3 (2001)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	5.69 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	25.4% (2005)

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